Ethnic Groups and Orientalism

Ethnic groups are made up of individuals who share a common heritage. Members of an ethnic group usually live around the same region, speak the same language, and share common religion and practices. Individuals who are tribal minded can be regarded as a hindrance to full integration since they remain attached to non-normative customs, adaptations, and languages. In the past, governments have viewed ethnic groups as a problem.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ethnic Groups and Orientalism specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because their customs do not allow them to fit into national governments. Some have a nomadic lifestyle, meaning that they usually move from one place to another with little regard for borders. Their customs are considered as ‘not civilized’ by national governments. However, all this has changed as ethnic groups have become a tourist attraction. Governments are now encouraging the preservation of ethnic cultural traditions. This is going to be very helpful to these groups. Even though tourists bring change and sometimes, result in harmful effects on ethnic culture, their benefits outweigh their disadvantages. With increase in tourism, ethnic groups do not have to migrate in search for work. They can sell their cultural goods right in their home areas. They can also earn a living from their cultural traditions like dancing and singing. Their earnings help them to incorporate a different kind of education into their cultural learning. Long-term effects of tourism usually result in integration of the tourists’ into the local communities. This could be of benefit to the local culture, although there are also a number of disadvantages associated with such integration. In addition, integration may result in dilution of the language, a change in customs, or a lack of practice altogether as ethnic groups are too busy taking care of tourists. This is helpf ul because in the long run, change is always good. Orientalism is a term used in reference to a style of thought based on a distinction between the orient and the west. Orientalism is usually depicted by artists, written about by novelists and poets and discussed by philosophers and theorists. Orientalism is believed by some to be a stereotypical imitation of the eastern culture. Orientalism is a big factor in our society. The orient is seen as the centre of languages and civilization in Europe. Its study borrows from the past, and integrates the present and the future. To some scholars, such areas of study areas as anthropology appears highlight how the orient differs from the west. Orientalism is a factor in the political and economic development of the west. The study and understanding of the orient is firmly rooted in the western doctrine and as such, it grants the west control of the resources in the east. Orientalism is also a factor worth of consideration when it comes to rel igious prejudice. In this context, orientation endeavours to depict Islam in a negative and stereotypical way.Advertising Looking for essay on ethnicity studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Orientalism affects our travel fantasies and attraction to ethnic tourism. The depiction of orientalism is usually exotic, alive, romantic, and sensual. Even though this may not be accurate representation of the orient, nonetheless, it draws many to travel to the east. In the recent past, however, the emergence security concerns on the east may be a hindrance to travel in those regions. To push orientalism into a more positive study, we need to involve more scholars from the west in this debate. This would ensure that information is accurate and lacking in prejudice. This essay on Ethnic Groups and Orientalism was written and submitted by user Albert Ramirez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Yevtushenkos Babi Yar Essays - The Holocaust In Ukraine, Free Essays

Yevtushenkos Babi Yar Essays - The Holocaust In Ukraine, Free Essays Yevtushenko's Babi Yar Babi Yar, a poem written by Yevgeny Yevtushenko, tells the story of the Nazi invasion into a small part of Russia, in which, throughout the duration of World War II, over one-hundred thousand Jews, Gypsies and Russian POW's were brutally murdered. However, what is unique about this particular perspective is that the narrator is not a Jew, but a mere observer who is aghast at the atrocities that took place during the Holocaust. It is through allusions, as well as other literary devices, that Yevtushenko elucidates caustically the absurdities of the hatred that caused the Holocaust, in addition to the narrator's identification with the Jews and their history of oppression. Perhaps, the most effective literary device used in "Babi Yar" is the allusion. The first clear allusion seen in the poem is the one concerning Egypt(line 6). This reference harks back to the Jews' enslavement in Egypt before they become a nation. In line 7, the narrator makes reference to how so many Jews perished on the cross. The reason for these initial allusions in the first section is clear. Yevtushenko is establishing the history of the Jewish people, being one of oppression, prejudice, and innocent victims. The next illusion in the poem is a reference to the Dreyfus Affair, a more modern display of irrational and avid anti-Semitism. It is in the Dreyfus affair that an innocent man is accused of espionage and is sent to jail for more than ten years, notwithezding an overwhelming amount of evidence pointing to his innocence, simply because he is a Jew. Yevtushenko uses these allusions to lead up to his referral to a boy in Bielostok who is murdered by the Russian common-folk. Clearly, The narrator is teaching a lesson with a dual message. Firstly, he is informing the reader of the horrors that took place in Russia during the Holocaust. Perhaps even more of a travesty, however, is the fact that humankind has not learned from the past in light of the fact that this "episode" is merely one link in a long chain of terrors. Yevtushenko goes on to allude to Anne Frank, a young Jewish teenager who left behind a diary of her thoughts and dreams, and how the Nazis strip her of any potential future she has when she is murdered in the death camps. Clearly, the allusion creates images in the mind of the reader that mere descriptions via the use of words could not. Another effective literary device used in the poem is the first person narrative in which the narrator identifies with those victims which he describes. This is seen in the case where the narrator says "I am Dreyfus", or "Anne Frank, I am she." The narrator does not claim to underezd what the feelings and thoughts of these people are, but rather, he is acknowledging the fact that they are feeling, "detested and denounced" and that unlike the rest of the world who turned its head, or the Russians who actually abetted such heinous crimes, this gentile narrator can not empathize, but does sympathize with his Jewish "brethren." Another extremely powerful device used by Yevtushenko is the detail of description and imagery used to describe events and feelings that are in both those whom he identifies with, as well as himself. "I bear the red mark of nails"(line 8) seems to include much of the suffering that the Jews have to endure. The statement is almost one of a reverse crucifixion in which the Jews are crucified and now have to suffer with false accusations, blood libels, and Pogroms for the duration of time. The poet describes very clearly the contempt most people have for the Jewish people and how many of these people aided in the barbarity . In line 13, for example, the poet speaks of "shrieking ladies in fine ruffled gowns" who "brandish their umbrellas in my face." In addition, Yevtushenko also depicts explicitly how the "tavern masters celebrate" at the sight of "(a Jewish boy's)blood spurt and spread over the floor." The contrast of age in "Babi Yar" is also quite effective. In the last three sections, the reader finds out that the narrator is remembering the past, mourning those who have perished.

Auctions - Microeconomics 3rd Year Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Auctions - Microeconomics 3rd Year - Essay Example As the auction proceeds, the price starts declining. A bidder can stop the auction at any time, claim the object, and pay the ongoing price. This particular type of auction is also described as a descending bid auction and has been traditionally used by the Dutch in flower markets. This is the most commonly used format. Bidding starts at a low price. The bidders compete by submitting ascending bids until only one bidder is left. This bidder wins the object and pays the ongoing price. It is the opposite of the Dutch auction and is described as an ascending bid auction. The eBay auction is a variation of this type of auction. This mechanism is similar to the first-price sealed-bid auction, with the exception that the highest bidder pays the second highest bid. It is also referred to as the Vickrey auction. It is seldom used but is commonly used in theoretical work because of its simplicity and closeness to the English auction. The Dutch auction and the first price sealed bid auction are strategically equivalent regardless of the information structure (independent private value or common value) and risk preferences (risk neutrality or risk aversion). A strategy is a complete description of instructions to be played throughout the game. The strategic form of a game is the set of alternative strategies to each player and their corresponding expected payoffs from following them. Two games are strategically equivalent if they share the same strategic form. In a Dutch auction, each bidder needs to decide at which price he would want to claim the object, assuming that it is still unclaimed. This is also true for the first-price sealed-bid auction. When a bidder is in a first-price sealed bid auction he thinks about whether to bid  £95 or  £100. He is actually trading off winning with a lower bid between  £95 and  £100. This is exactly the same considerations that are given in the Dutch auction. The English auction and the Second-price

Analysis of Truman's Fair Deal Literature review

Analysis of Truman's Fair Deal - Literature review Example The Policy of Containment was devised in 1946 by George Kennan, then a high-ranking representative at the US embassy in Moscow. It consisted in limiting the expansion of the Soviet sphere of influence, both militarily and economically, in the hope of provoking the collapse of its social system. The Marshall plan was the economical part of this policy, whereas the creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in April 1949 was its military component. McCarthyism, a term coined by a political cartoonist in 1950 following the involvement of Senator Joseph McCarthy in a widespread "witch hunt" against Communists on American soil, corresponds to the excessive response to the fear of the spread of Communism following World War II. Also, termed the "Second Red Scare" (the first one having occurred just after the Bolshevik revolution in Russia in 1917), this period spanned roughly a decade from the end of the 1940s until the late 1950s. Characterized by its policy of systematic suspicion, it sparked a controversy that still exists today. It raised the issue of freedom of thought versus patriotism, and the term is still used to describe the unfounded questioning of a person's loyalty to the nation. As the number of white-collar positions increased and overtook that of professions dealing with the direct production of materials, a shift in the American population appeared in the 1950s. Most employees were leaving the industrial areas of the North and East of the USA to move to the South and West, were management-related positions were numerous and the environment more welcoming. This shift was accelerated by the development of Interstate highways that allowed the commuters to use their cars instead of the public transports, thus creating and developing a suburban way of life that didn't exist before. The Korean and Viet Nam wars had in common that they showed America's commitment to prevent the spread of Communism throughout the world, and not just in Europe. They were both limited wars that demonstrated that technical superiority is no guarantee for victory. Besides, neither they were popular at home among the general public. They differed in that the Viet Nam war had more important long-term repercussions on the American economy, politics, and public attitude toward the government. Â  

Magnetization on Voltage Using Metals and Semiconductors Lab Report

Magnetization on Voltage Using Metals and Semiconductors - Lab Report Example Analysis and DiscussionThe findings ontained from the measurements of the results of the experiment reveals a number of aspects and properties of Hall effect. For example, the results suggest that hall voltage linearly varies as a function of the magnetic field of the current carrier material. On the other hand, it was also observed that the Hall effect is the generation of voltage in the conductor, induced by the presence of magnetic field (Baumgartner, 2006,p.165) .Variation of Voltage with DistanceThe plot shown in Figure No 5 indicates variation of voltage with varying distance on the tester rig. The original value of voltage is 0.24 (without any magnetic effect). It can be observed that the voltage are effected significantly when the magnet is sufficiently close. For a distance of 20mm, the voltage value is 0.1 V which means that voltage dropped to only 20% of the original value. However, as the distance was increased, the voltage quickly regained its original value and tends to stabilize at 0.24 v when the slider is moved away. Statistical Properties of dataIn order to examine the statistical properties of the data, the mean and standard deviation of the two set of data is calculated and is shown in Table No 2. From the data, it can be observed that the two sets are fairly close to each other and there is not big difference. For most the data, the two values are exactly the same. Therefore, the experimental setup provides very precise data.

Consumer attitude and behaviour toward online shopping at Amazon

Consumer attitude and behaviour toward online shopping at Amazon The main purpose of this research is to analyse online consumer behaviour in a systematic way. What factors affect online shopper while making the decision to buy goods and services from internet, to buy more items and give information about the product from website. Online shopping is the process of buying goods and services through internet. Since the development of World Wide Web, retailers sought to sell their goods and services through internet. Shoppers can visit web site and shop just sitting in form of computer. Consumer can buy anything from online such as books, households product, toys, hardware and software etc. Moreover, in just few decade the internet has become more popular to Adult and young shopper because the internet offers significant Advantages. Ability of the internet contains wide range of collecting information, supplying a service or purchasing a product. It offers you to Access to products and services which are not handy in local market. Online shopping is described as a computer activity performed by a consumer via a computer based interface, where consumers computer is connected to retailers digital storefront through a network (Haubl Trifts, 2000). Online shopping allows for choose options beyond the traditional way that may be more time consuming. It can help you to search about product in details and make comparison of prices and characteristic before you decide to buy a product. .An online business must have their different identity from their competitors so that it can sustain in business market among various online websites. Consumer satisfaction is vital factor for the online business to remain competitive. Steady customers, besides providing steady revenue, are necessary as it helps businesses obtain more customers through the act of referral (Kumar 2001). Online shopping is described as a computer activity performed by a consumer via a computer based interface, where consumers computer is connected to retailers digital storefront through a network (Haubl Trifts, 2000). ORGANIZATION BACKGROUND: AMAZON.COM Amazon was the first online bookstore and one of the largest bookstore and online store in global market. Founded in 1994 by Jeff Bozos, in 2004 it was in number one position in online services. Now it has 64 million consumers in more than 150 countries, 900,000 programmers linking with Amazon. Amazon sells directly wide range of product, books, music videos, mp3 DVDs. Clothes and kitchen items electronic goods and others. Even though company has highs and lows, Amazon able to manage the problems and sustain in competitive market. The company also used few strategies to leave behind their competitors like EBay. (Brynjolfsson Urban 2001). Moreover, improving of the company management, training to its employees and applying the advance technologies make more effective to the position of amazon.com. SWOT ANAYSIS OF AMAZON.COM The SWOT analysis is one essential tool for business to understand and measure internal and external environments where company function. SWOT is short form of Strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and threats. SWOT analysis offer a high quality outline for reassess position, strategy and direction of organisation. It is also useful for strategic planning, competitor evaluation marketing. SWOT analysis can assist to discover opportunity that business can take advantage of market and understanding the weaknesses company can reduce threats. Strengths: Diversified product such as books, CD/DVD. It also has provided additional consumer in other product areas and indicates strategic movement to the business to grow through new consumer bases. User reviews are seen as a positive attribute to share information and provide feedback which can help to stimulate sales. Weaknesses: It sells verity of product in different sectors, the company may lack the flexibility that some of its competitors possess. The focus on technology is quite important for online retailers. The system requires constant maintained in order to ensure consumer satisfaction by providing service without any delay. Opportunities: Amazon could collaboration with the public sector like British library, that users will use it as public libraries which also cover rare and old books. It can partner with various e-retail companies, in 2004 Amazon buy chinas biggest retailer joyo.com. it retails toys, movies and music at discounted price Threats: Being a global retailer, Amazon can face political problems in the countries where it operates. Advance development in technology which could change the markets might challenge the company to adopt these changes. Rationale: This research proposal is determined to discover about the proposed topic due to my experience in online shopping at amazon.com. There are some reasons why shopping at Amazon.com is better than visiting high street shops. The web is open 24/7/365 we can find anything on it. Research objective: The main intension of this proposal is to conduct an experimental research on the consumer attitudes and behaviours for online shopping. It also carries out primary and secondary research and re evaluate interconnection literatures on consumer behaviour towards online shopping. Online shopping primarily change the way shoppers buy goods and services. What factors affect online consumers behaviour? The main objective of this study is to analyze online consumer behaviour The focus of this research project address following objectives To identify key factors influencing online consumer behaviour. save time and money and evaluate prices from website to website Online retailers sell the product at a less price due to fewer operation cost. 4. To explore the success of Amazon. To identify how competitors compete with Amazon. To identify the competitors Direct Competitors Indirect Competitors To identify how competitors compete with Amazon.   Research questions Online shopping is good or bad? What are the difference between traditional shopping and online shopping? Why do consumers and businesses use the internet when they buy or sell the product? How well do consumers know about their rights and businesses know their responsibilities, when they use internet as a retail channel? What problems do shoppers and business encounter when they buy or sell online? And how well they resolve it? Mythology 7.1 Research design and design adopted The intention of this proposed is exploratory pretty than explanatory. This research will assume grounded hypothesis developed by Glaser and strauss. According to Glaser and struss , research is mainly the confirmation of theory or the growth of the theory through logical reasoning slightly than from experimental data. (Glaser and strauss, 1967). Grounded theory mainly focuses on systematic qualitative process for creating a theory that explicates concepts, procedure, action or interaction about the topic. According to Kotler the purpose of exploratory research is to collect preliminary data that will facilitate describe and suggest hypotheses. (Kotler et al 2006). Data collection methods 7.2 a) Sampling methods Sampling methods are classified in two types, probability and non probability. The shoppers of Amazon are taken as a population. The population of Amazon is too large to attempt the survey of all its members. In non probability sampling method a small number of groups represent the population. So in this research non probability sample is suitable. 7.2 (b) size of the sample A subset of population called size of sample. Sample contain.. 7.3 (c) sampling techniques Participant observation Interviews Interview is one of the common methods of data collection in qualitative research. A semi structure interview method will be appropriate to know what factors are important to online shoppers. This method allow to interviewee to talk about their opinions on the particular subject. Researcher can receive and give information related to the topic. http://www.mba-tutorials.com/marketing/248-amazon-swot-analysis.html CONCLUSION The proposed of this research proposal is conducting a thorough analysis of online consumer behaviour and factors which are most essential for online consumer in various aspects. Price is the most important factor that effect consumers buying decision. Recommendation This study provides some factors which are effect online consumer behaviour. It also suggest that to attract and retain consumer; online businesses have to adopt cost saving strategy which helps to increase buyers demand. Ref. Brynjolfsson, E Urban, GL (eds.) 2001, Strategies for E- business success, Jossey-Bass, San Francisco. http://www.mba-tutorials.com/marketing/248-amazon-swot-analysis.html Haubl, G. Trifts, V., Consumer Decision Making in Online Shopping Environments: The Effects of Interactive Decision Aids, Marketin Science, Vol. 19(1), 2000, 4. Kotler et al. 2006, p.  122, Principles of Marketing , 3rd edn,   Frenchs Fores, Pine Forge Press http://en. /Exploratory research.com

Comparing the Creation Scene in James Whales 1931 Frankenstein and Ken

Comparing the Creation Scene in James Whale's 1931 Frankenstein and Kenneth Brannagh's 1994 Frankenstein James Whale’s 1931 portrayal of Frankenstein when compared to Kenneth Brannagh’s alternate account from 1994 reveals some similarities but also many differences in the way they try to evoke emotions such as horror, fear and expectation from the audience and keep the plot moving. To do this, the directors have used a series of techniques, including: camera shots, use of sound and music, use of lighting and shadows, and mise-en-scene. Many of the differences and similarities between the films are due to the type of audience that the directors were aiming the films at. For example, Whale uses a very traditional horror opening for his creation scene, while Brannagh uses a more contemporary opening with light play and symbolism through candles and shadows. Some of the other main differences between the two styles of films are how closely the film follows the original book, the style through which genres such as horror, romance and action are portrayed, and the strength of the horror and special effects used to keep the audience in a state of expectancy and tension, but also scared and unsure of the outcome. James Whale was trying to create a shocking and contemporary film, which would scare his 1931 audience and be revolutionary in the techniques he used while still retaining a traditional gothic horror genre, whereas Kenneth Brannagh was trying to create an action film, which follows the original book more closely, and portrays the monster in a way that evokes sympathy for the monster, rather than hatred and violence towards a predetermine... ... the audience never really knew how it was going to turn out and what was coming next. However, social preferences and tolerances have changed dramatically over time and so that is why I don’t find the 1931 version as effective at portraying the story or creating tension. Moreover, I find that the 1931 film was certainly more revolutionary than 1994 and tried to go past original limits in regard to style and techniques used more effectively and more continuously than the later film. Finally, I find that although the 1931 film was more revolutionary and may have been more effective if compared with audiences from the respective times, I still prefer the later version it uses more modern effects and follows the original book more closely which allows people who have read the book to relate more closely to the film.